How We Hacked Thousands of Data Centers in Minutes Using a 20-Year-Old Vulnerability

TL;DR: We identified 36,872 internet-exposed BMCs, and 24,650 of them disclosed password-derived authentication hashes before login because of CVE-2013-4786. More than 30% of the returned hashes were linked to passwords that could be recovered using common wordlists or predictable factory password formats. The exposure affected modern Supermicro and HPE servers, including systems operated by GPU providers. The bigger risk is that a compromised BMC gives an attacker highly privileged access below the operating system. …